Wrapping Up

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>> Anjana Vakil: We have covered a lot And in fact, we've got more in our TypeScript toolbox than really even some first steps We've got like some first and second and third and next steps We have covered a whole bunch of stuff in a very short, well, a reasonably short time frame We talked about how the type system in JavaScript works or perhaps doesn't work, or I mean the way that it is intended, intentionally, or was in 1995 intentionally very flexible and very like whatever about it

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It's easy-go and it's chill, bro And the Dude abides However, TypeScript came along because sometimes we don't want JavaScript to abide by all of its weird type conversions and castings and things like that So we looked at how those two relate We looked at how TypeScript is a superset syntactically of JavaScript So anything that is valid JavaScript is also valid TypeScript And when we talk about TypeScript, we're talking about something that only exists before JavaScript runs

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And so we talked about how to install it, how to use it to check JavaScript before we even added any syntax And then we started moving gradually from JavaScript to TypeScript by making .ts files, by annotating types everywhere, annotating variables with type information, functions We defined a whole bunch of custom types We worked with ways to compose or manipulate or widen or narrow types by using things like unions and generics and built-in utility types and all kinds of cool stuff, and we also got a lot of syntax thrown at us

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Angle brackets and inference and as, oh my We learned a whole bunch of ways to compose and combine and mix and match types as we need to And we also started looking at how TypeScript fits into our more everyday, day-to-day life as developers and how many options there are for what TypeScript can do and how it can do it, how we can configure TypeScript with those tsconfig.json files and all of the billions of options that they provide us

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And we just started talking about how we can reuse types across our code base We can install types from other people's codebases, like the DefinitelyTyped type declarations, and we talked briefly about how we can make sure that the types flow nicely through our code and how we can even start exploring tools in the ecosystem to do stuff like make sure we have end-to-end type safety in our apps if we're doing full-stack web apps, for example

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I will say that I think that, I mean, so I've been, as I said, working with JavaScript for about 10 years and working with TypeScript for about five, the last five of those And I will say that sometimes I do find myself wishing I could just rely on the loosey-goosey-ness of JavaScript that I'm used to, and it's not always predictable, but at least it's something that I kind of know to expect from JavaScript

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And I will say that it's interesting to me that we have this language that's trying to be very rigorous, TypeScript, on top of a language that's absolutely not trying to be rigorous at all, JavaScript And I think that there's a lot of interesting philosophical conversations we can all have with each other about what that means and what it means that we are all compiling this code to something that a dude wrote in 10 days in 1995 to like make alerts pop up in the browser, you know

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So I think that there's a lot we can explore here, and I think that it's going to be really interesting to see where the web development community goes in the next 10 years or however long TypeScript's, what did I say 2012, so it's like 13 or something now So, you know, when it's 20, when it's 30, what are we going to be doing with it Are we going to be, is there going to be some other thing that builds on top of TypeScript

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How are we going to have moved to an entirely different way of doing web development I don't know, but I do know that right now a lot, a lot, a lot of the code that I run into is TypeScript, and I think you all have also run into a lot of stuff that's TypeScript, and so squiggles and obtuse error messages from the TypeScript compiler aside, I think it is really useful to be able to speak this language that a bunch of other web developers are speaking all over the web, front and back and all kinds of places, tooling, all kinds of stuff

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So I hope that this has been a kind of a little tasting platter, sampler platter if you will, of some of the topics that then we can go dig into in more detail So we talked about, for example, I think there's some interest in learning more about like how to organize large TypeScript code bases I think there was interest in, excuse me, learning about, yeah, things like end-to-end type safety and ensuring data validation with things like Zod

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Is there anything else that anybody's really excited to go look up on the TS doc site or dig into in the ecosystem Curious if the chat is like, I can't wait to talk about this thing because I've been waiting this whole time for Anjana to give me a chance to say how excited I am about my favorite TypeScript project No Well, you will have to let us know in the future what wonderful things you build and do and develop with TypeScript

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And so to help you along that way, as I mentioned, there's like Awesome TypeScript has a ton of resources, more than this, but a few things that I definitely would encourage you to check out are, as we said, the TypeScript documentation on TypeScriptLang.org is really awesome and really comprehensive, and there's a lot of great information there, some of it very low-level and some of it nice and high-level about things like how to figure out what your config should be or what is going on, how does the inference work, all kinds of stuff

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There's also a whole bunch of TypeScript courses on Frontend Masters that we've been mentioning, courses from Mike North, Steve Kinney, Scott Moss, all kinds of courses that get into some of the things that we sort of waved away as being out of scope for this course So definitely check those out And there is a book by someone who I think of as kind of a person who knows just so much about TypeScript and cares so much about the TypeScript community

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Josh Goldberg, who is the maintainer of some TypeScript projects, wrote a book at O'Reilly, if you know that tech book publisher, called Learning TypeScript, and there's also a bunch of exercises that you can do on the website, learningTypeScript.com There's also a cool, several-hour course on freeCodeCamp If you're into video courses, which maybe you are, if you're here, and yeah, as I said, there's a whole bunch more resources out there

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It's a huge, huge, huge community that we are all now part of So with that, I will give you my heartfelt thanks for putting up with me as well as the TypeScript compiler Like, that's a lot And I hope we all go forth and TypeScript And let's see where our next steps take us from here Thank you so much.